What are the commonly used metal materials for processing? What are their characteristics?

1, 45#  ----- high quality carbon structural steel, the most commonly used medium carbon quenched and tempered steel.

Main features: the most commonly used medium carbon quenched and tempered steel, good comprehensive mechanical properties, low hardenability, easy to crack when water quenching. Small parts should be treated with quenching and tempering, and large parts should be treated with normalizing. Examples are mainly used for manufacturing high strength moving parts, such as turbine impeller and compressor piston. Shaft, gear, rack, worm and so on. The welds should be preheated before welding, and stress relieving after welding.

2, Q235A (A3 steel) ----- the most commonly used carbon structural steel.

Main features: high plasticity, toughness and weldability, cold stamping performance, as well as a certain strength, good cold bending performance. Application examples: widely used in general requirements of parts and welding structure. For example, tension rod, connecting rod, pin, shaft, screw, nut, ring, bracket, frame, building structure, bridge, etc.

3, 40Cr ----- one of the most widely used steels, belongs to alloy structural steel.

Main features: After quenching and tempering, it has good comprehensive mechanical properties, low-temperature impact toughness and low notch sensitivity, good hardenability, high fatigue strength when oil-cooled, easy to crack when water-cooled parts with complex shape, moderate cold-bending plasticity, good machinability after tempering or tempering, but not weldability. Good, easy to crack, before welding should be preheated to 100 ~ 150 degrees C, generally used in quenching and tempering state, but also for carbonitriding and high-frequency surface quenching treatment. Examples of applications: quenched and tempered parts for medium speed and medium load, such as machine tool gears, shafts, worms, spline shafts, thimble sleeves, etc., quenched and tempered and quenched at high frequencies for high hardness and wear-resistant parts such as gears, shafts, spindles, crankshafts, mandrels, sleeves, pins, connecting rods, screws and nuts, air intake Valves, after quenching and tempering, are used to manufacture heavy-duty, medium-speed impact parts, such as oil pump rotor, slider, gear, spindle, sleeve ring, etc. After quenching and tempering at low temperature, they are used to manufacture heavy-duty, low impact, wear-resistant parts, such as worm, spindle, shaft, sleeve ring and so on. Carbonitriding is a large size after manufacturing. Low temperature impact toughness parts such as shafts and gears.

4, HT150 ----- gray cast iron

Application examples: gear box, machine tool bed, box, hydraulic cylinder, pump body, valve body, flywheel, cylinder head, pulley, bearing cover, etc.

5, 35 ----- commonly used materials for various standard parts and fasteners.

Main features: suitable strength, good plasticity, high cold plasticity and weldability. Local upsetting and drawing can be done under cold condition. Examples of low hardenability, normalizing or quenching and tempering applications: suitable for manufacturing small cross-section parts, can withstand greater load parts: such as crankshaft, lever, connecting rod, hook and ring, a variety of standard parts, fasteners.

6, 65Mn ----- commonly used spring steel.

Examples of applications: small size flat, circular springs, cushion springs, spring windings, can also be made into spring rings, valve springs, clutch springs, brake springs, cold coil spiral springs, clip springs, etc.

7, 0Cr18Ni9 ----- the most commonly used stainless steel (American steel number 304, Japan steel SUS304)

Characteristics and applications: As stainless steel heat-resistant most widely used, such as food equipment, general chemical equipment, original industrial equipment.